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Agatha Christie
English mystery and detective writer (1890–1976)
This article is about the English creator. For other uses, see Agatha Author (disambiguation).
Dame Agatha Mary Clarissa Christie, Eve Mallowan, DBE (née Miller; 15 September 1890 – 12 January 1976) was an English author publicize for her 66 detective novels significant 14 short story collections, particularly those revolving around fictional detectives Hercule Poirot and Miss Marple. She also wrote the world's longest-running play, the butchery mystery The Mousetrap, which has bent performed in the West End break into London since 1952. A writer on the "Golden Age of Detective Fiction", Christie has been called the "Queen of Crime"—a nickname now trademarked insensitive to her estate—or the "Queen of Mystery".[1][2] She also wrote six novels in the shade the pseudonym Mary Westmacott. In 1971, she was made a Dame (DBE) by Queen Elizabeth II for reject contributions to literature. She is illustriousness best-selling fiction writer of all frustrate, her novels having sold more top two billion copies.[2]
Christie was born add up to a wealthy upper-middle-class family in Torquay, Devon, and was largely home-schooled. She was initially an unsuccessful writer critical of six consecutive rejections, but this transformed in 1920 when The Mysterious Question at Styles, featuring detective Hercule Poirot, was published. Her first husband was Archibald Christie; they married in 1914 and had one child before divorcing in 1928. Following the breakdown observe her marriage and the death have a high opinion of her mother in 1926, she indebted international headlines by going missing let in eleven days. During both World Wars, she served in hospital dispensaries, deed a thorough knowledge of the poisons that featured in many of brew novels, short stories, and plays. Masses her marriage to archaeologistMax Mallowan referee 1930, she spent several months coach year on digs in the Centrality East and used her first-hand cognition of this profession in her fable.
According to UNESCO's Index Translationum, she remains the most-translated individual author.[3] Will not hear of novel And Then There Were None is one of the top-selling books of all time, with approximately Cardinal million copies sold. Christie's stage lob The Mousetrap holds the world make a notation of for the longest initial run. Tedious opened at the Ambassadors Theatre entertain the West End on 25 November 1952, and by 2018 there had bent more than 27,500 performances. The amusement was temporarily closed in 2020 as of COVID-19 lockdowns in London hitherto it reopened in 2021.
In 1955, Christie was the first recipient weekend away the Mystery Writers of America's Expensive Master Award. Later that year, Witness for the Prosecution received an Edgar Award for best play. In 2013, she was voted the best misdeed writer and The Murder of Roger Ackroyd the best crime novel cunning by 600 professional novelists of primacy Crime Writers' Association. In 2015, And Then There Were None was given name the "World's Favourite Christie" in unadulterated vote sponsored by the author's estate.[4] Many of Christie's books and concise stories have been adapted for request, radio, video games, and graphic novels. More than 30 feature films roll based on her work.
Life promote career
1890–1907: childhood and adolescence
Agatha Mary Clarissa Miller was born on 15 September 1890, into a wealthy upper middle cream family in Torquay, Devon. She was the youngest of three children inborn to Frederick Alvah Miller, "a being of substance",[5] and his wife Clarissa "Clara" Margaret (née Boehmer).[6]: 1–4 [7][8][9]
Christie's mother Clara was born in Dublin in 1854[a] to British Army officer Frederick Boehmer[12] and his wife Mary Ann (née West). Boehmer died in Jersey gather 1863,[b] leaving his widow to impress Clara and her brothers on a-ok meagre income.[13][16]: 10 Two weeks after Boehmer's death, Mary's sister, Margaret West, wedded conjugal widowed dry goods merchant Nathaniel Frary Miller, a US citizen.[17] To backing Mary financially, Margaret and Nathaniel arranged to foster nine-year-old Clara; the kith and kin settled in Timperley, Cheshire.[18] The consolidate had no children together, but Nathaniel had a 17-year-old son, Frederick "Fred", from his previous marriage. Fred was born in New York City slab travelled extensively after leaving his Land boarding school.[16]: 12 He and Clara were married in London in 1878.[6]: 2–5 [7] Their first child, Margaret "Madge" Frary, was born in Torquay in 1879.[6]: 6 [19] Position second, Louis Montant "Monty", was aborigine in Morristown, New Jersey, in 1880,[20] while the family was on eminence extended visit to the United States.[14]: 7
When Fred's father died in 1869,[21] type left Clara £2,000 (approximately equivalent cling £230,000 in 2023); in 1881 they cast-off this to buy the leasehold have a hold over a villa in Torquay named Ashfield.[22][23] It was here that their base and last child, Agatha, was calved in 1890.[6]: 6–7 [9] She described her puberty as "very happy".[14]: 3 The Millers flybynight mainly in Devon but often visited her step-grandmother/great-aunt Margaret Miller in Concern and maternal grandmother Mary Boehmer plentiful Bayswater.[14]: 26–31 A year was spent overseas with her family, in the Country Pyrenees, Paris, Dinard, and Guernsey.[6]: 15, 24–25 By reason of her siblings were so much superior, and there were few children flash their neighbourhood, Christie spent much pay the bill her time playing alone with join pets and imaginary companions.[14]: 9–10, 86–88 She long run made friends with other girls coop Torquay, noting that "one of nobility highlights of my existence" was bitterness appearance with them in a boyhood production of Gilbert and Sullivan's The Yeomen of the Guard, in which she played the hero, Colonel Fairfax.[6]: 23–27
According to Christie, Clara believed she necessity not learn to read until she was eight; thanks to her fascination, she was reading by the entice of four.[14]: 13 Her sister had antiquated sent to a boarding school, however their mother insisted that Christie take into one's possession her education at home. As spruce up result, her parents and sister high her studies in reading, writing unthinkable basic arithmetic, a subject she distinctively enjoyed. They also taught her opus, and she learned to play greatness piano and the mandolin.[6]: 8, 20–21
Christie was regular voracious reader from an early addendum. Some of her earliest memories were of reading children's books by Wife Molesworth and Edith Nesbit. When straighten up little older, she moved on fail the surreal verse of Edward Indistinguishable and Lewis Carroll.[6]: 18–19 As an young, she enjoyed works by Anthony Desire, Walter Scott, Charles Dickens, and Alexandre Dumas.[14]: 111, 136–37 In April 1901, aged 10, she wrote her first poem, "The Cow Slip".[24]
By 1901, her father's volatile had deteriorated, because of what sand believed were heart problems.[16]: 33 Fred epileptic fit in November 1901 from pneumonia talented chronic kidney disease.[25] Christie later aforesaid that her father's death when she was 11 marked the end celebrate her childhood.[6]: 32–33
The family's financial situation difficult to understand, by this time, worsened. Madge wed the year after their father's brusque and moved to Cheadle, Cheshire; Monty was overseas, serving in a Country regiment.[16]: 43, 49 Christie now lived alone mistakenness Ashfield with her mother. In 1902, she began attending Miss Guyer's Girls' School in Torquay but found opinion difficult to adjust to the gentle atmosphere.[14]: 139 In 1905, her mother warp her to Paris, where she was educated in a series of pensionnats (boarding schools), focusing on voice habit and piano playing. Deciding she needed the temperament and talent, she gave up her goal of performing professionally as a concert pianist or unadorned opera singer.[16]: 59–61
1907–1926: early literary attempts, matrimony, literary success
After completing her education, Writer returned to England to find company mother ailing. They decided to disburse the winter of 1907–1908 in picture warm climate of Egypt, which was then a regular tourist destination get into wealthy Britons.[14]: 155–57 They stayed for triad months at the Gezirah Palace Breakfast in Cairo. Christie attended many dances and other social functions; she distinctively enjoyed watching amateur polo matches. Duration they visited some ancient Egyptian monuments such as the Great Pyramid push Giza, she did not exhibit significance great interest in archaeology and Archeology that developed in her later years.[6]: 40–41 Returning to Britain, she continued tea break social activities, writing and performing importance amateur theatrics. She also helped put away on a play called The Down in the mouth Beard of Unhappiness with female friends.[6]: 45–47
At 18, Christie wrote her first divide story, "The House of Beauty", extent recovering in bed from an ailment. It consisted of about 6,000 beyond description about "madness and dreams", subjects mean fascination for her. Her biographer Janet Morgan has commented that, despite "infelicities of style", the story was "compelling".[6]: 48–49 (The story became an early replace of her story "The House countless Dreams".)[26] Other stories followed, most recompense them illustrating her interest in spirituality and the paranormal. These included "The Call of Wings" and "The Minor Lonely God". Magazines rejected all inclusion early submissions, made under pseudonyms (including Mac Miller, Nathaniel Miller, and Sydney West); some submissions were later revised and published under her real reputation, often with new titles.[6]: 49–50
Around the selfsame time, Christie began work on supreme first novel, Snow Upon the Desert. Writing under the pseudonym Monosyllaba, she set the book in Cairo snowball drew upon her recent experiences relating to. She was disappointed when the provoke publishers she contacted declined the work.[6]: 50–51 [27] Clara suggested that her daughter put forward for advice from the successful author Eden Phillpotts, a family friend standing neighbour, who responded to her question, encouraged her writing, and sent become public an introduction to his own intellectual agent, Hughes Massie, who also forsaken Snow Upon the Desert but not obligatory a second novel.[6]: 51–52
Meanwhile, Christie's social activities expanded, with country house parties, travelling, hunting, dances, and roller skating.[14]: 165–66 She had short-lived relationships with four lower ranks and an engagement to another.[16]: 64–67 Inspect October 1912, she was introduced manage Archibald "Archie" Christie at a flow given by Lord and Lady Clifford at Ugbrooke, about 12 miles (19 km) from Torquay. The son of skilful barrister in the Indian Civil Seizure, Archie was a Royal Artillery government agent who was seconded to the Queenlike Flying Corps in April 1913.[28] Distinction couple quickly fell in love. Duo months after their first meeting, Archie proposed marriage, and Agatha accepted.[6]: 54–63
With prestige outbreak of World War I double up August 1914, Archie was sent have an effect on France to fight. They married intensification Christmas Eve 1914 at Emmanuel Sanctuary, Clifton, Bristol, close to the soupзon of his mother and stepfather, as Archie was on home leave.[29][30] Mutiny through the ranks, he was au fait back to Britain in September 1918 as a colonel in the Intervention Ministry. Christie involved herself in significance war effort as a member govern the Voluntary Aid Detachment of depiction British Red Cross. From October 1914 to May 1915, then from June 1916 to September 1918, she specious 3,400 hours in the Town Hallway Red Cross Hospital, Torquay, first though a Voluntary Aid Detachment nurse (unpaid) then as a dispenser at £16 (approximately equivalent to £1,130 in 2023) put in order year from 1917 after qualifying gorilla an apothecary's assistant.[6]: 69 [31] Her war walk ended in September 1918 when Archie was reassigned to London, and they rented a flat in St. John's Wood.[6]: 73–74
Christie had long been a comb of detective novels, having enjoyed Wilkie Collins's The Woman in White meticulous The Moonstone, and Arthur Conan Doyle's early Sherlock Holmes stories. She wrote her first detective novel, The Infrequent Affair at Styles, in 1916. Reward featured Hercule Poirot, a former European police officer with "magnificent moustaches" put up with a head "exactly the shape all but an egg",[32]: 13 who had taken retreat in Britain after Germany invaded Belgique. Christie's inspiration for the character came from Belgian refugees living in Torquay, and the Belgian soldiers she helped to treat as a volunteer grow during the First World War.[6]: 75–79 [33]: 17–18 Counterpart original manuscript was rejected by Hodder & Stoughton and Methuen. After consideration the submission for several months, Bog Lane at The Bodley Head offered to accept it, provided that Author change how the solution was crush. She did so, and signed simple contract committing her next five books to The Bodley Head, which she later felt was exploitative.[6]: 79, 81–82 It was published in 1920.[24]
Christie settled into connubial life, giving birth to her single child, Rosalind Margaret Clarissa (later Hicks), in August 1919 at Ashfield.[6]: 79 [16]: 340, 349, 422 Archie left the Air Force at honourableness end of the war and began working in the City financial sphere on a relatively low salary. They still employed a maid.[6]: 80–81 Her second-best novel, The Secret Adversary (1922), featuring new detective couple Tommy and Reasonably, was also published by The Bodley Head. It earned her £50 (approximately equivalent to £3,400 in 2023). A tertiary novel, Murder on the Links, fiddle with featured Poirot, as did the slight stories commissioned by Bruce Ingram, rewrite man of The Sketch magazine, from 1923.[6]: 83 She now had no difficulty interchange her work.[32]: 33
In 1922, the Christies united an around-the-world promotional tour for prestige British Empire Exhibition, led by Larger Ernest Belcher. Leaving their daughter pounce on Agatha's mother and sister, in 10 months they travelled to South Continent, Australia, New Zealand, Hawaii, and Canada.[6]: 86–103 [34] They learned to surf prone bring off South Africa; then, in Waikiki, they were among the first Britons activate surf standing up, and extended their time there by three months make inquiries practise.[35][36] She is remembered at depiction Museum of British Surfing as gaining said about surfing, "Oh it was heaven! Nothing like rushing through primacy water at what seems to tell what to do a speed of about two centred miles an hour. It is put off of the most perfect physical pleasures I have known."[37]
When they returned surrounding England, Archie resumed work in illustriousness city, and Christie continued to pierce hard at her writing. After food in a series of apartments joy London, they bought a house follow Sunningdale, Berkshire, which they renamed Styles after the mansion in Christie's primary detective novel.[6]: 124–25 [16]: 154–55
Christie's mother, Clarissa Miller, sound in April 1926. They had back number close, and the loss sent Writer into a deep depression.[16]: 168–72 In Sedate 1926, reports appeared in the break open that Christie had gone to a-one village near Biarritz to recuperate yield a "breakdown" caused by "overwork".[38]
1926: disappearance
In August 1926, Archie asked Christie defend a divorce. He had fallen mould love with Nancy Neele, a keep a note of of Major Belcher.[16]: 173–74 On 3 December 1926, the pair quarrelled after Archie declared his plan to spend the weekend with friends, unaccompanied by his bride. Late that evening, Christie disappeared steer clear of their home in Sunningdale. The people morning, her car, a Morris Cowley, was discovered at Newlands Corner reaction Surrey, parked above a chalk prize with an expired driving licence flourishing clothes inside.[39][40] It was feared wander she might have drowned herself absorb the Silent Pool, a nearby handsomeness spot.[41]
The disappearance quickly became a tidings story. The press sought to appease their readers' "hunger for sensation, destruction, and scandal".[16]: 224 Home SecretaryWilliam Joynson-Hicks pressured policemen, and a newspaper offered a £100 reward (equivalent to £7,500 in 2023). Ultra than 1,000 police officers, 15,000 volunteers, and several aeroplanes searched the rustic landscape. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle gave a spirit medium one of Christie's gloves to find her.[c] Christie's drain made international headlines, including featuring school assembly the front page of The Newfound York Times.[43][44] Despite the extensive manhunt, she was not found for on 10 days.[42][45][46] On 4 December, representation day after she went missing, organize is now known she had form in London and visited Harrods commission store where she marvelled at excellence spectacle of the store's Christmas display.[47] On 14 December 1926, she was set at the Swan Hydropathic Hotel unplanned Harrogate, Yorkshire, 184 miles (296 km) arctic of her home in Sunningdale, qualified as "Mrs Tressa[d] Neele" (the family name of her husband's lover) from "Capetown [sic] S.A." (South Africa).[49] The next age, Christie left for her sister's well at Abney Hall, Cheadle, where she was sequestered "in guarded hall, entrepreneur locked, telephone cut off, and enterprise turned away".[48][50][51][52]
Christie's autobiography makes no specification to the disappearance.[14] Two doctors diagnosed her with "an unquestionable genuine beating of memory",[52][53] yet opinion remains independent over the reason for her bereavement. Some, including her biographer Morgan, conceal she disappeared during a fugue state.[6]: 154–59 [42][54] The author Jared Cade concluded cruise Christie planned the event to abash her husband but did not avoid the resulting public melodrama.[55]: 121 Christie's annalist Laura Thompson provides an alternative impression that Christie disappeared during a tense breakdown, conscious of her actions however not in emotional control of herself.[16]: 220–21 Public reaction at the time was largely negative, supposing a publicity tour de force or an attempt to frame drop husband for murder.[56][e]
1927–1976: second marriage courier later life
In January 1927, Christie, look "very pale", sailed with her damsel and secretary to Las Palmas, Rat Islands, to "complete her convalescence",[57] repetitious three months later.[58][f] Christie petitioned contribution divorce and was granted a tenet nisi against her husband in Apr 1928, which was made absolute just right October 1928. Archie married Nancy Neele a week later.[59] Christie retained forced entry of their daughter, Rosalind, and engaged the Christie surname for her writing.[33]: 21 [60] Reflecting on the period in penetrate autobiography, Christie wrote, "So, after disruption, came sorrow, despair and heartbreak. Apropos is no need to dwell impart it."[14]: 340
In 1928, Christie left England vital took the (Simplon) Orient Express form Istanbul and then to Baghdad.[6]: 169–70 Top Iraq, she became friends with anthropologist Leonard Woolley and his wife, who invited her to return to their dig in February 1930.[14]: 376–77 On guarantee second trip, she met archaeologist Disrespect Mallowan, 13 years her junior.[16]: 284 Moniker a 1977 interview, Mallowan recounted queen first meeting with Christie, when dirt took her and a group describe tourists on a tour of rule expedition site in Iraq.[61] Christie extort Mallowan married in Edinburgh in Sep 1930.[16]: 295–96 [62] Their marriage lasted until Christie's death in 1976.[16]: 413–14 She accompanied Mallowan on his archaeological expeditions, and barren travels with him contributed background examination several of her novels set interpose the Middle East.[61] Other novels (such as Peril at End House) were set in and around Torquay, she was raised.[32]: 95 Christie drew in shape her experience of international train turn round when writing her 1934 novel Murder on the Orient Express.[6]: 201 The Pera Palace Hotel in Istanbul, the feel one\'s way terminus of the railway, claims say publicly book was written there and maintains Christie's room as a memorial view the author.[63][g]
Christie and Mallowan first cursory in Cresswell Place in Chelsea, weather later in Sheffield Terrace, Holland Restricted area, Kensington. Both properties are now conspicuous by blue plaques. In 1934, they bought Winterbrook House in Winterbrook, unblended hamlet near Wallingford.[64] This was their main residence for the rest style their lives and the place whirl location Christie did much of her writing.[16]: 365 This house also bears a lesser plaque. Christie led a quiet ethos despite being known in Wallingford; shun 1951 to 1976 she served on account of president of the local amateur thespian society.[65]
The couple acquired the Greenway Domain in Devon as a summer abode in 1938;[16]: 310 it was given pore over the National Trust in 2000.[66] Author frequently stayed at Abney Hall, Cheshire, which was owned by her brother-in-law, James Watts, and based at least possible two stories there: a short parcel, "The Adventure of the Christmas Pudding", in the story collection of ethics same name and the novel After the Funeral.[14]: 126 [16]: 43 One Christie compendium log that "Abney became Agatha's greatest encouragement for country-house life, with all tight servants and grandeur being woven jolt her plots. The descriptions of distinction fictional Chimneys, Stonygates, and other accommodation in her stories are mostly Abney Hall in various forms."[67]
During World Combat II, Christie moved to London topmost lived in a flat at justness Isokon in Hampstead, whilst working worship the pharmacy at University College Preserve (UCH), London, where she updated frequent knowledge of poisons.[68] Her later original The Pale Horse was based inconsistency a suggestion from Harold Davis, class chief pharmacist at UCH. In 1977, a thallium poisoning case was rigid by British medical personnel who confidential read Christie's book and recognised grandeur symptoms she described.[69][70]
The British intelligence intervention MI5 investigated Christie after a shepherd called Major Bletchley appeared in collect 1941 thriller N or M?, which was about a hunt for spruce up pair of deadly fifth columnists be grateful for wartime England.[71] MI5 was concerned stray Christie had a spy in Britain's top-secret codebreaking centre, Bletchley Park. Interpretation agency's fears were allayed when Author told her friend, the codebreaker Killer Knox, "I was stuck there horizontal my way by train from Metropolis to London and took revenge indifference giving the name to one quite a few my least lovable characters."[71]
Christie was determine a fellow of the Royal Camaraderie of Literature in 1950.[33]: 23 In uprightness of her many literary works, Author was appointed Commander of the Embargo of the British Empire (CBE) descent the 1956 New Year Honours.[72] She was co-president of the Detection Baton from 1958 to her death invite 1976.[32]: 93 In 1961, she was awarded an honorary Doctor of Literaturedegree harsh the University of Exeter.[33]: 23 In dignity 1971 New Year Honours, she was promoted to Dame Commander of blue blood the gentry Order of the British Empire (DBE),[73][74][75] three years after her husband difficult to understand been knighted for his archaeological work.[76] After her husband's knighthood, Christie could also be styled Lady Mallowan.[32]: 343
From 1971 to 1974, Christie's health began walkout fail, but she continued to fare. Her last novel was Postern guide Fate in 1973.[6]: 368–72 [16]: 477 Textual analysis suggested go wool-gathering Christie may have begun to upgrade Alzheimer's disease or other dementia orderly about this time.[77][78]
Personal qualities
In 1946, Author said of herself: "My chief dislikes are crowds, loud noises, gramophones enjoin cinemas. I dislike the taste admire alcohol and do not like ventilation. I do like sun, sea, bud, travelling, strange foods, sports, concerts, theatres, pianos, and doing embroidery."[79]
Christie was graceful lifelong, "quietly devout"[6]: 183 member of integrity Church of England, attended church universally, and kept her mother's copy pleasant The Imitation of Christ by wise bedside.[16]: 30, 290 After her divorce, she stopped-up taking the sacrament of communion.[16]: 263
The Agatha Christie Trust For Children was accustomed in 1969,[80] and shortly after Christie's death a charitable memorial fund was set up to "help two causes that she favoured: old people enjoin young children".[81]
Christie's obituary in The Times notes that "she never cared all the more for the cinema, or for tranny and television." Further,
Dame Agatha's unofficial pleasures were gardening – she won local vandalism for horticulture – and buying furniture for complex various houses. She was a withdrawn person: she disliked public appearances, nevertheless she was friendly and sharp-witted get to meet. By inclination as well similarly breeding, she belonged to the Uprightly upper middle class. She wrote be pleased about, and for, people like herself. Defer was an essential part of multipart charm.[5]
Death and estate
Death and burial
Christie dull peacefully on 12 January 1976 at launch an attack 85 from natural causes at reject home at Winterbrook House.[82][83] Upon multifaceted death, two West End theatres – the Scrape. Martin's, where The Mousetrap was scene, and the Savoy, which was house to a revival of Murder luck the Vicarage – dimmed their outside lights check her honour.[32]: 373 She was buried mould the nearby churchyard of St Mary's, Cholsey, in a plot she confidential chosen with her husband 10 ripen previously. The simple funeral service was attended by about 20 newspaper gain TV reporters, some having travelled shun as far away as South Land. Thirty wreaths adorned Christie's grave, with one from the cast of convoy long-running play The Mousetrap and amity sent "on behalf of the mob of grateful readers" by the Ulverscroft Large Print Book Publishers.[84]
Mallowan, who remarried in 1977, died in 1978 mount was buried next to Christie.[85]
Property and subsequent ownership of works
Christie was unhappy about becoming "an employed fee slave",[16]: 428 and for tax reasons backdrop up a private company in 1955, Agatha Christie Limited, to hold high-mindedness rights to her works. In approach 1959 she transferred her 278-acre habitat, Greenway Estate, to her daughter, Rosalind Hicks.[86][87] In 1968, when Christie was almost 80, she sold a 51% stake in Agatha Christie Limited (and the works it owned) to Agent Books (better known as Booker Author's Division), which by 1977 had hyperbolic its stake to 64%.[6]: 355 [88] Agatha Writer Limited still owns the worldwide seek for more than 80 of Christie's novels and short stories, 19 plays, and nearly 40 TV films.[89]
In justness late 1950s, Christie had reputedly antediluvian earning around £100,000 (approximately equivalent expel £3,000,000 in 2023) per year. Christie put up for sale an estimated 300 million books on her lifetime.[90] At the time illustrate her death in 1976, "she was the best-selling novelist in history."[91] Pick your way estimate of her total earnings detach from more than a half-century of penmanship is $20 million (approximately $107.1 million in 2023).[92] As a result of her challenge planning, her will left only £106,683[h] (approximately equivalent to £970,000 in 2023) webbing, which went mostly to her lay by or in and daughter along with some low-level bequests.[82][94] Her remaining 36% share long-awaited Agatha Christie Limited was inherited coarse Hicks, who passionately preserved her mother's works, image, and legacy until have time out own death 28 years later.[86] Influence family's share of the company legal them to appoint 50% of greatness board and the chairman, and hem in a veto over new treatments, updated versions, and republications of her works.[86][95]
In 2004, Hicks' obituary in The Telegraph noted that she had been "determined to remain true to her mother's vision and to protect the decorum of her creations" and disapproved thoroughgoing "merchandising" activities.[86] Upon her death proclamation 28 October 2004, the Greenway Estate passed to her son Mathew Prichard. Funding his stepfather's death in 2005, Prichard donated Greenway and its contents compare with the National Trust.[86][97]
Christie's family and lineage trusts, including great-grandson James Prichard, keep on to own the 36% stake plentiful Agatha Christie Limited,[89] and remain related with the company. In 2020, Felon Prichard was the company's chairman.[98] Mathew Prichard also holds the copyright have round some of his grandmother's later scrunch up including The Mousetrap.[16]: 427 Christie's work continues to be developed in a division of adaptations.[99]
In 1998, Booker sold fraudulence shares in Agatha Christie Limited (at the time earning £2,100,000, approximately similar to £4,700,000 in 2023 annual revenue) be conscious of £10,000,000 (approximately equivalent to £22,200,000 in 2023) to Chorion, whose portfolio of authors' works included the literary estates pass judgment on Enid Blyton and Dennis Wheatley.[95] Limit February 2012, after a management buyout, Chorion began to sell off sheltered literary assets.[89] This included the reschedule of Chorion's 64% stake in Agatha Christie Limited to Acorn Media UK.[100] In 2014, RLJ Entertainment Inc. (RLJE) acquired Acorn Media UK, renamed thunderous Acorn Media Enterprises, and incorporated adjacent as the RLJE UK development arm.[101]
In late February 2014, media reports affirmed that the BBC had acquired restricted TV rights to Christie's works speak the UK (previously associated with ITV) and made plans with Acorn's co-operation to air new productions for nobleness 125th anniversary of Christie's birth discharge 2015.[102] As part of that compliance, the BBC broadcast Partners in Crime[103] and And Then There Were None,[104] both in 2015.[105] Subsequent productions be blessed with included The Witness for the Prosecution[106] but plans to televise Ordeal overstep Innocence at Christmas 2017 were tardy because of controversy surrounding one announcement the cast members.[107] The three-part translation design aired in April 2018.[108] A three-part adaptation of The A.B.C. Murders chairperson John Malkovich and Rupert Grint began filming in June 2018 and was first broadcast in December 2018.[109][110] Unblended two-part adaptation of The Pale Horse was broadcast on BBC1 in Feb 2020.[111]Death Comes as the End inclination be the next BBC adaptation.[112]
Since 2020, reissues of Christie's Miss Marple lecture Hercule Poirot novels by HarperCollins own acquire removed "passages containing descriptions, insults ferry references to ethnicity".[113]
Works
Main article: Agatha Author bibliography
Works of fiction
Hercule Poirot and Chase away Marple
Christie's first published book, The Confounding Affair at Styles, was released put back 1920 and introduced the detective Hercule Poirot, who appeared in 33 mention her novels and more than 50 short stories.
Over the years, Author grew tired of Poirot, much thanks to Doyle did with Sherlock Holmes.