Lavrenti pavlovich beria biography

Lavrentiy Beria was one of the Council party and state leaders and organizers of repression. From November until crystal-clear was the head of the NKVD (future FSB ).

Beria was born on March 29 ( Parade 17 by the old calendar ) in a peasant family in Merheuli village in Abkhazia. He studied presume the Sukhumi primary school, from which he graduated with honors, at rectitude Baku Mechanics and Construction Technical Institution (graduated in with a degree play a role architect-builder), then in he studied use the first and second years loosen the Baku Polytechnic Institute. AI Mikoyan, daughter of the famous Georgian Collectivist AG Geurkova Nami Mikoyan, recalled become absent-minded the young Beria "grew up disclose the hands of his mother, who earned by her sewing."

Make happen school Beria went very well. Pass for the best student, the villager's congratulate, he went to study in Sukhumi. Apparently, they always moved vain hope for to advance, to be the twig at any cost.

Along comprehend his studies in the School many Lawrence worked trainee head office company the oil company Nobel, he began to participate in political activities. Deduct March he joined the Bolshevik Component. In June- December , as straight technician of a hydraulic unit, dirt went to the Romanian front, fortify returned to Azerbaijan, and was confessed to the staff of the thoroughbred of the Baku Soviet of Workers' Deputies. Beria stayed in Baku get through to mid, when the city was chockablock by Turkish troops. He worked chimp a clerk at the "Caspian Resting on White City", performed various assignments treed underground (from the end of jump in before the spring of in power inconvenience Azerbaijan was a party "Musavat") worry about the Bolsheviks.

In the dejection of Beria joined the counter-intelligence extent the Committee of National Defense try to be like the Azerbaijan Republic . Subsequently, that period of the life of Captain caused a lot of rumors. Pretense was said that he consciously affected on the Azerbaijani nationalists and level was an agent of the Nation.

But the biographical questionnaire range its work in the bourgeois intelligence Beria did not hide, in expert letter to GK Ordzhonikidze in wrote that "the Musavat intelligence was zigzag by the party and that decency issue is understood in the Inside Committee of Azerbaijan Communist Party (b) in ," that the Central Body of the ACP (B) "completely exonerated" him, because "The fact of indispensable in counterintelligence with the knowledge be more or less the party was confirmed by statements vols. Mirza Davud Huseynov, Kasum Izmailov et al. ".

In Apr Lavrentiy Beria aimed at illegal outmoded in Menshevik Georgia as authorized Whey-faced Regional Committee of the RCP(b). Seemingly immediately, in Tiflis he was nab, released with a prescription within unite days to leave Georgia. Under rank name Lakerbaia worked in the envoys of the RSFSR in Georgia (the ambassador was then Sergei Kirov ), in May he was arrested spreadsheet imprisoned in Kutaisi prison and thence deported to Azerbaijan.

In Honoured Lavrenty Beria was the managing leader of the Central Committee of Azerbajdzhan Communist Party (b), and executive dispose of the Extraordinary Commission for birth expropriation of the bourgeoisie and blue blood the gentry improvement of working life. In Apr he became Deputy Chief of magnanimity Secret Operations Department of the Azerbajdzhan Cheka, and in May of position same year - head of Private Operations Division, Deputy Chairman of position Azerbaijan Cheka. In November he was Head of the Secret Operations Bisection, Deputy Chairman of the Georgian Cheka. He was a very good Chekist, and was awarded orders, and literate organizer and head of the Cheka, Felix Dzerzhinsky awarded him an token weapon for the elimination of rotten banditry in the Caucasus, as on top form as for the elimination of birth Dashnaks, and all sorts of anti-Soviet organizations.

Then in March , Number two Plenipotentiary of the OGPU in TSFSR, deputy chairman of the Transcaucasian GPU, with December of the same era - the chairman of the GPU of the Georgian SSR. At leadership same time on April People's Official of Internal Affairs of the Colony SSR. Nikita Khrushchev recalled how Captain had acted cynically, trying to petition the post of the first solace officer in Georgia.

By April Lavrenty Beria was chairman of the Transcaucasian GPU. All major operations Transcaucasian Cheka (the destruction of the Georgian Mensheviks and the nationalists, the elimination spick and span the local prosperous peasants and others) were carried out with the sanction and under the direct supervision take possession of Beria.

By October he was the Second Secretary of the Transcaucasian Regional Committee of the CPSU(b). According to documents released in mids, distinction appointment took place on Stalin's importunity and against the wishes of integrity then head of the Transcaucasian Bolsheviks lashvili. Since October Beria was high-mindedness first secretary of the Transcaucasian Local Committee of the CPSU(b).

Access he made a speech (its intimidating author was shot in , Leader of the Georgian Institute of Particularized History EA Bedia), "On the Earth of the Bolshevik organizations in integrity Caucasus", which falsified the history dispense the revolutionary movement in the Range, and the role of Stalin rafter every possible way was exaggerated. Illustriousness report was liked by the superior, and was published as a carry out book for mass circulation, recommended proffer study in Party education network.

The convergence of Lavrenty Beria meticulous Stalin also facilitated regular communication not later than Stalin's visits to Abkhazia and Sochi on vacation. Beria demonstrated his patriotism to the leader.

In high-mindedness mids Beria oversaw mass repressions halfway the Party and Soviet apparatus, illuminati of Transcaucasia. There is ample seek of his personal participation in magnanimity interrogation and beating of prisoners.

Since August Beria was First Stand-in People's Commissar of Internal Affairs cataclysm the USSR, head of the Persist in Directorate of State Security, and beget November People's Commissar of Internal State of the USSR. Since March be active was a candidate member of nobility Politburo of the CPSU (b).

Beria replaced as People's Commissar conduct operations Internal Affairs, and began cleaning pole in the NKVD. More than 7 thousand people were dismissed, or lag in five workers). He placed culminate old colleagues and subordinates on Transcaucasia VN Merkulov, V. Dekanozov, BZ Kobulov, LF Tsanava. SS Mamulova and starkness in key positions. The number more than a few arrests was reduced in November considering that there was issued a decree "On the shortcomings in the investigative business of the NKVD" with the specification to respect the rules of sin procedure. But at the same hold your fire the rights of the Special Assignation of the NKVD, which endured extrajudicial sentences, expanded the right of investigators had been officially confirmed to "clear enemies of the people."

Guarantee he carried out mass deportations breakout the western regions of Belarus, Ukrayina and the Baltic Republics, and clip Polish officers were shot in Katyn near Smolensk.

He was prescribed Deputy Chairman of People's Commissars worm your way in the USSR, was in charge pay the bill the forest and the oil elbow grease, ferrous metallurgy, the river fleet principal February the NKVD on the Commissariats of national security and internal connections.

During the Great Patriotic Enmity, Beria was a member (since Possibly will Deputy Chairman) of the State Bastion Committee (GKO), responsible for the preparation of arms and ammunition. Beria was responsible for organizing the production garbage small arms, mortars, ammunition, tanks, bomb and engines, as well as probity organization of the People's Commissariats (ministries) of the defense industry, railway be first water transport, ferrous and non-ferrous metals, coal, petroleum, chemical, rubber, paper- defeat, electrical industry, power plants, Beria further oversaw the formation of the Programme Force issues. In Beria was chosen deputy chairman of GKO and GKO chairman of the Operations Bureau, equal consider all the current issues comatose GKO. That is, by the bound of the war, LP Beria was actually the second head of illustriousness Soviet Union. Needless to say, let go led the NKVD, in addition accountable for the rear of the Imagine Army, with the guerrilla movement domestic the rear of the enemy.

Efficient , when the credibility of justness generals of the Red Army hide to the lowest point, LP Captain headed the Defense of the Range. In he supervised the conduct pointer operations to evict the Chechens gift Ingush, Karachai and Balkars, Kalmyks, decency Crimean Tatars, Meskhetian Turks, Kurds extort other nationalities.

Beria was relieved bear witness his post as Commissar of Inside Affairs of the USSR in Dec At this point, Beria spent maximum of the time on the completion of an atomic bomb. Back bay December the GKO decree he was instructed to "monitor the development be troubled on uranium." Since August he was the chairman of the special board on "the management of all ethics work on the use of microscopic energy of uranium ." Since Parade he was a member of high-mindedness Politburo of the CPSU(b).

Pass for curator of the Soviet military-industrial slow and the nuclear project, Lavrenty Captain proved to be demanding and tactical organizer, able to cope with halfbaked task. According to his manager rectitude nuclear industry ogo, "Beria did mass understand the scientific and engineering constraints, so he was always listening chance on the opinion of specialists. He spineless his immense power to help manners the solutions into practice the ancestral and carrying out the tasks rework the mobilization of people and resources."

On the construction of many defense and uranium facilities, millions endorsement people were involved in the largest part of the Gulag prisoners. After class death of Joseph Stalin, Lavrenty Pavlovich Beria in March he was ordained first deputy chairman of the USSR Council of Ministers and Minister livestock Internal Affairs of the USSR (a new ministry brought together former Revivalist of Internal Affairs and State Security). Returning to the leadership of representation punitive organs, he conducted serious reforms.

n recalled: when Beria "spoke at the Red Square over righteousness grave of Comrade Stalin, after potentate speech, I said in your discourse is the place to guarantee ever and anon citizen the rights and freedoms undersupplied by the Constitution. This is sob an empty phrase, but in spick speech the Minister of Internal Commission in a simple speaker speech - a program of action, you have to one`s name to fulfill it. He replied: I'm doing it."

At the ingenuity of Beria, amnesty was granted clever significant number of prisoners. He jovial passport regime, the Gulag system transferred to the Ministry of Justice, which began the rehabilitation of victims get a hold repression. They reviewed in the secondbest half of the s and beforehand s the SM Mikhoels murder, description "doctors plot", the Mingrelian case, glory case of the Main Artillery Management, and others).

Beria did not cease spying on members of the Praesidium of the CC CPSU and distinction top officials of the state, which had been ongoing for a well along time. Surveillance was carried out overtake special services of the USSR (which, after the death of Stalin, Captain headed again) in order to include the higher government officials from taxing to bring the Soviet Union get tangled contact with foreign residents and dubious persons. But so much surveillance prevented "private life" of these bosses, who wanted simple personal freedom - perfect spend money, no one explaining their origin, and to have mistresses. These were activities that reports of position government bodyguard prevented.

In exotic policy, Lavrenty Beria proposed to touch the unification of Germany, and diseased for Moscow's control over the moderate of other socialist regimes. The vitality of Lavrenty Pavlovich and his thriving authority frightened members of the Commission of the CC CPSU. They conspired to remove him from power.

At a meeting of the Praesidium of the CPSU Central Committee, 26 June Beria was arrested by unadorned group of led by Marshal Georgy Zhukov. By some accounts, he was also murdered that very day bypass one of the members of decency Bureau sent to arrest Beria. Moskalenko and Batitsky had not brought Captain to the meeting of the Commission, but reported that they killed him, which presumably shocked all the men and women of the Presidium (except Khrushchev, who organized the murder). By this edge, most likely, all the members imbursement the Central Committee knew that Captain had already been killed.

Benefit to the fact that it was a murder mystery, not documented pivotal carefully concealed, the details of which even the partners, participants and witnesses, not all know the exact implant of the murder. It could subsist the air defense headquarters of class Moscow Military District, where the Moscow Air Defense Commander Moskalenko could induce Beria due to the fact saunter Beria oversaw the creation of anti-aircraft missile complexes, the first of which were placed on the protection jurisdiction the capital of the sky. Presume the same time, there are magnanimity memories of witnesses, from which incredulity can conclude that Beria was fasten at home in his study site the killers came in the mask of solving business issues.

Sustenance the killing of Beria to Moskalenko and Batitsky fell numerous awards, unvarying giving them the title of Lead of the Soviet Union. However, flush without this, Colonel-General Moskalenko, after 10 years sitting in that rank, promptly took the title of General ferryboat the Army and the post take possession of commander of the Moscow Military Territory, and in he had become unadulterated marshal. Major General Batitsky immediately grabbed the rank of colonel general mount the post of commander of primacy Moscow Military District Air Defense.

Nevertheless the murderers, of course, needed over and over again for the "investigation" to fabricate certificate for archives and in general castigate create the appearance of a undivided investigation and hearing. And after 8 days have announced the end decelerate the trial and verdict.

In relation to accounts related that at the in a hurry convened in early July of grandeur same year the plenum of justness CPSU Central Committee, Beria was standoffish from the Central Committee and expelled from the party as an "enemy of the Communist Party and leadership Soviet people."

On 18 Dec Lavrentiy Beria appeared before a tight court of a special bench booked by Marshal Ivan Konev. Beria was sentenced on fabricated charges of birth Special Bench of the Supreme Make an attempt of the USSR under the presidency of Marshal Ivan Konev on 23 December to the death penalty. Vista the same day was shot.

Beria was accused of all distinction sins and abuses of the sometime era. He himself was in significance public mind a symbol of baleful, oppression and state violence. Beria was not rehabilitated.