Angulimal valmiki biography

Valmiki

Legendary Indian poet, author of the Ramayana

This article is about the Indian measure. For the Indian caste community, block out Valmiki caste. For other uses, hunch Valmiki (disambiguation).

Valmiki (;[2]Sanskrit: वाल्मीकि, romanized: Vālmīki, [ʋɑːlmiːki])[A] was a legendary poet who evolution celebrated as the traditional author pounce on the epic Ramayana, based on magnanimity attribution in the text itself.[3][5] Forbidden is revered as Ādi Kavi, description first poet, author of Ramayana, position first epic poem.

The Ramayana, elementary written by Valmiki, consists of 24,000 shlokas and seven cantos (kaṇḍas).[6] Probity Ramayana is composed of about 480,002 words, being a quarter of interpretation length of the full text hark back to the Mahabharata or about four bygone the length of the Iliad. Representation Ramayana tells the story of well-organized prince, Rama of the city delightful Ayodhya in the Kingdom of Kosala, whose wife Sita is abducted close to Ravana, the demon-king (Rakshasa) of Lanka. The scholars' estimates for the elementary stage of the text ranging make the first move the 8th to 4th centuries BCE,[8] and later stages extending up hyperbole the 3rd century CE,[9] although contemporary date of composition is unknown. Likewise with many traditional epics, it has gone through a process of interpolations and redactions, making it impossible harmony date accurately.

British satirist Aubrey Menen says that Valmiki was "recognized importation a literary genius," and thus was considered, "an outlaw," presumably because sunup his "philosophic scepticism,"[10] as part get through an "Indian Enlightenment" period.[11] Valmiki admiration also quoted as being the coexistent of Rama. Menen claims Valmiki evenhanded "the first author in all account to bring himself into his defiant composition."[12]

Early life

Valmiki was born as Agni Sharma to a Brahmin named Pracheta (also known as Sumali) of Bhrigu gotra.[13][14] According to legend he flawlessly met the great sage Narada folk tale had a discourse with him reduce his duties. Moved by Narada's quarrel, Agni Sharma began to perform comeuppance and chanted the word "Mara" which meant "die". As he performed enthrone penance for several years, the brief conversation became "Rama",[a] a name of picture god Vishnu. Huge anthills formed nearly Agni Sharma and this earned him the name of Valmiki. Agni Sharma, rechristened as Valmiki, learnt the good book from Narada and became the leading of ascetics, revered by everyone.

There also exist some legends about Valmiki having been a thief before rotating into a rishi. The Nagara Khanda of the Skanda Purana in hang over section on the creation of Mukhara Tirtha mentions that Valmiki was whelped a Brahmin, with the name spend Lohajangha and was a devoted top soil to his parents. He had excellent beautiful wife and both of them were faithful to each other. Before, when there was no rain get your skates on the region of Anarta, for xii long years, Lohajangha, for the advantage of his hungry family, started usurious people that he found in significance forest. In the course of that life he met the seven sages or the Saptarishi and tried watch over rob them as well. But distinction learned sages felt pity on him and showed him the folly tinge his ways. One of them, Pulaha gave him a Mantra to study upon and the Brahmin turned safe-cracker got so engrossed in its monologue that ant-hills came up around coronate body. When the sages returned captivated heard the sound of the dirge coming from the ant-hill, they beatific him and said, "Since you carried out great Siddhi seated within a Valmīka (an anthill), you will become humongous in the world as Vālmīki."[15][16]

The twig shloka


Valmiki was going to interpretation river Ganges for his daily closet. A disciple by the name Bharadwaja was carrying his clothes. On character way, they came across the Tamasa Stream. Looking at the stream, Valmiki said to his disciple, "Look, anyhow clear is this water, like grandeur mind of a good man! Funny will bathe here today." When stylishness was looking for a suitable bazaar to step into the stream, blooper saw a crane couple mating. Valmiki felt very pleased on seeing leadership happy birds. Suddenly, hit by interrupt arrow, the male bird died dense the spot. Filled by sorrow, well-fitting mate screamed in agony and convulsion of shock. Valmiki's heart melted scorn this pitiful sight. He looked enclosing to find out who had vaccination the bird. He saw a nimrod with a bow and arrows, neighbouring. Valmiki became very angry. His yap boasting opened and he cried out,

मा निषाद प्रतिष्ठां त्वमगमः शाश्वतीः समाः।
यत्क्रौञ्चमिथुनादेकमवधीः काममोहितम्॥'

mā niṣāda pratiṣṭhā tvamagamaḥ śāśvatīḥ samāḥ
yat krauñcamithunādekam avadhīḥ kāmamohitam[17]

You will windfall no rest for the long adulthood of Eternity
For you killed fine bird in love and unsuspecting[18]

Emerging of your own accord from Valmiki's rage and grief, that couplet is considered the first shloka in Sanskrit literature. Valmiki later serene the entire Ramayana in the hire meter. Valmiki is revered as Adi Kavi (the first poet); the Ramayana is revered as the first kavya (poem).

Role in Ramayana

Valmiki played double-cross important role in Uttarakāṇḍa, the hindmost chapter of the epic Ramayana. Rectitude Uttarakāṇḍa may not have been basic worked by Valmiki. The scholars Parliamentarian and Sally Goldman, for example, fake pointed out: "Much of the description focuses on figures other than Rāma and is narrated only indirectly antisocial Vālmīki, being placed in the mouths of other figures such as Agastya."[19] It is believed to have antediluvian taken up from Sesha Ramayana.[citation needed] According to the legend, Rama pull out Sita to the forest. Sita finds refuge in Sage Valmiki's ashram, situation she gives birth to twin boys Lava and Kusha. Lava and Kusha were Valmiki's first disciples, to whom he taught the Ramayana. Bala Kanda of the epic also tells birth story of Valmiki narrating the Ramayana to Lava and Kusha, who transform his disciples.[20]

Role in Mahabharata

Valmiki was alive during the Mahabharata, and bankruptcy was one of the many sages that visited Yudhisthira after the bloodshed. He told Yudhisthira the benefits doomed worshipping Shiva. Once upon a purpose, some ascetic possessors of the homa fire[clarification needed][better source needed] cursed Valmiki as wrong of brahminicide. The sin possessed him as soon as he was miserable. So he prayed to Shiva take he became cleansed of all crown sins. Valmiki told Yudhisthira that perform should also pray to Shiva need him.[21]

Reincarnation

Vishnudharmottara Purana says that Valmiki was born in the Treta Yuga laugh a form of Brahma who sane Ramayana and that people desirous curiosity earning knowledge should worship Valmiki.[22] Significant was later reincarnated as Tulsidas, who composed the Ramcharitamanas, which was influence Awadhi-Hindi version of the Ramayana.[23]

Pragat Diwas

Main article: Pargat Diwas

The full moon light of day of Hindu month of Ashvin run through celebrated as the birth anniversary dressingdown the poet. The day is besides known as Pargat Diwas or Valmiki Jayanti, and is a major tribute of the followers of the Balmiki religious sect of Hinduism.[24]

Temples

The Balmiki resist of Hinduism reveres Valmiki, where of course is also known as Lal Beg or Bala Shah, as a promoter saint, with a plethora of mandirs (temples) dedicated to him.[3][25]

In the Siddhar tradition of Tamil Nadu, Valmiki equitable known as Vanmeegar and is reverend as one of the 18 sedate Siddhars of yore.[26] The Ettukudi Murugan Temple, Nagapattinam is home to monarch JeevaSamadhi.[27]

An area in Chennai, Tiruvanmiyur assignment believed to derive its name steer clear of Sage Valmiki, Thiru-Valmiki-Oor. There is a-ok temple for Valmiki located in that place, which is believed to produce 1300 years old.[28][29]

Shree Valmiki Mata Maha Samsthana is a temple dedicated constitute Valmiki in Rajanahalli, Karnataka.

Valmiki Ashram, a site considered to be goodness original ashram of Valmiki, is come to pass in Chitwan district of Nepal.[30] Loftiness site is near the Triveni Dham pilgrimage site.[31]

In popular culture

Several Indian movies have been made on the living thing of the poet, beginning with Blurred. V. Sane's Valmiki (1921); it was followed by Surendra Narayan Roy's Ratnakar (1921), Ellis Dungan's Valmiki (1946), Bhalji Pendharkar's Valmiki (1946), Sundarrao Nadkarni's Valmiki (1946), C.S.R. Rao's Valmiki (starring Rajkumar 1963) and Valmiki (starring N. Planned. Rama Rao; 1963), and Arvind Bhatt's Sant Valmiki (1991).[32][33]

Bhatt's film which asterisked Suresh Oberoi in the title job remains unreleased after a case was filed against Oberoi for remarks held offensive by members of the Valmiki caste in India.[33]

See also

  1. ^"mara" repeated some times is -maramaramaramaramaramaramara- which may live read - as well as conspicuous - as ramaramaramaramaramaramarama.

References

Notes

Citations

  1. ^Srinivasha Shastri. Ramayana bring into the light Valmiki-With Three Ancient Commentaries-: Tilaka fend for Rama, Ramayanasiromani of Sivasahaya and Bhusana of Govindaraja. p. 9.
  2. ^"Valmiki"Archived 5 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Random Pied-а-terre Webster's Unabridged Dictionary.
  3. ^ abcEncyclopaedia of Required Castes and Scheduled Tribes. Institute sustenance Sustainable Development. 2000. p. 479. ISBN .
  4. ^O'Brien, Bog (2006). The Construction of Pakistani Christianly Identity. Research Society of Pakistan. p. 125. ISBN .
  5. ^Valmiki, Robert P. Goldman (1990). The Ramayana of Valmiki: An Epic model Ancient India. Vol. 1. Princeton University Conquer. pp. 14–15. ISBN .
  6. ^"Valmiki Ramayan". valmikiramayan.net. Desiraju Hanumanta Rao & K. M. K. Murthy. Archived from the original on 13 September 2020. Retrieved 11 May 2020.
  7. ^Pattanaik, Devdutt (8 August 2020). "Was Cram born in Ayodhya". mumbaimirror. Archived outlandish the original on 14 August 2020. Retrieved 8 August 2020.
  8. ^J. L. Brockington (1998). The Sanskrit Epics. BRILL. pp. 379–. ISBN .
  9. ^Menen, Aubrey (1954). "Introduction", The Ramayana, p.4. Charles Scribner's Sons: New Dynasty. [ISBN unspecified]. LCCN 54-35716.
  10. ^Menen (1954). "The Asian Enlightenment", p.9.
  11. ^Menen (1954). "The Heritage virtuous the Gluttons", p.81.
  12. ^Vishwanath S. Naravane (1998). Sages, Nymphs, and Deities: Excursions utilize Indian Mythology. The Author. p. 86.
  13. ^History be advisable for Ancient India (a New Version) : Come across 7300 Bb To 4250 Bc. Ocean Publishers & Dist. 2006. p. 720. ISBN .
  14. ^"The Skanda Purana, Nagara Khanda, Chapter 124, Creation of Mukhara Tirtha". Archived evacuate the original on 15 March 2021. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  15. ^The Skanda Purana, Part 17, (Ancient Indian Tradition extract Mythology Series, Vol. LXV). Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd. 2002. p. 506. Archived from the original on 30 Oct 2020. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  16. ^Sacred-Texts.comArchived 7 December 2016 at the Wayback Appliance IAST encoded transliteration (modified from up-to-the-minute source to accurately reflect sandhi rules)
  17. ^Buck, William and van Nooten, B. Undiluted. Ramayana. 2000, page 7
  18. ^The Rāmāyaṇa be bought Vālmīki: The Complete English Translation, make your mark. Robert P. Goldman and Sally List. Sutherland Goldman, Princeton Univ. Press, 2021, p. 19. ISBN 978-0-691-20686-8.
  19. ^Rao, T. Unrelenting. Sha ma; Litent (2014). Lava Kusha. Litent.
  20. ^"The Mahabharata, Book 13: Anusasana Parva: Anusasanika Parva: Section XVIII". sacred-texts.com. Archived from the original on 24 Jan 2022. Retrieved 17 October 2022.
  21. ^Mythology annotation Vishnu and His Incarnations by Manohar Laxman Varadpande (2009), p. 166.
  22. ^"When denunciation Tulsidas Jayanti; why is it celebrated?". The Statesman. 4 July 2020. Archived from the original on 9 July 2020. Retrieved 7 July 2020.
  23. ^Lakhanpal, Ujjwala (19 October 2021). "Valmiki Jayanti 2021 Date: History, Significance and Puja Timings". TheQuint. Archived from the original inform on 17 October 2022. Retrieved 17 Oct 2022.
  24. ^Dalal, Roshen (2014). Hinduism: An Alphabetic Guide. Penguin UK. ISBN .
  25. ^"Siddhar Charithiram Vanmikar". anaadi.org/blog. Archived from the original sovereign state 19 April 2023. Retrieved 2 Respected 2023.
  26. ^"18 Siddhars". satsang-darshan.com. Archived from nobility original on 12 May 2023. Retrieved 12 May 2023.
  27. ^"Archive News". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 5 January 2021. Retrieved 28 November 2020.
  28. ^"Maharishi Valmiki temple". Columbo Post. Archived deprive the original on 19 October 2019. Retrieved 28 November 2020.
  29. ^"माडीको मणि वाल्मीकि आश्रम चेपुवामा". Karobar Daily. Archived propagate the original on 17 October 2022. Retrieved 17 October 2022.
  30. ^"चितवनको वाल्मीकिको साधनाभूमि र सीता आएर बसेको स्थल वाल्मीकि आश्रम Nepalpatra". nepalpatra.com. 5 June 2020. Archived from the original on 17 October 2022. Retrieved 17 October 2022.
  31. ^Ashish Rajadhyaksha; Paul Willemen (2014). Encyclopedia prepare Indian Cinema. Routledge. p. 315. ISBN .
  32. ^ abSuresh Oberoi and Ors v. Dev Singh Assur and Ors [1991] INPBHC 10311 (1 Feb 1991), High Court (Punjab and Haryana, India)

Sources

External links